制度经济学视野下的农民合作

作为一项制度的农民合作在传统的中国社会中,存在于政治、经济、文化、社会各个领域,但这种基于血缘和特定地缘的合作无法适应市场经济发展的需要。农民合作实质就是农民相互之间的一种交易,交易费用的高低决定了合作的成功与否。通过对农民合作中的交易费用分析显示,合作的收益大于成本,政府必须提供适当的农民合作制度供给,促使农民合作制度创新。     

金融发展理论中“金融发展”涵义的演进

戈德史密斯（1969）和爱德华·肖（1973）分别对发达国家和落后国家的金融发展状况进行了实证研究，得出了落后国家经济之所以落后，主要是因为其金融发展与发达国家之间存在着明显的差异的结论，由此提出了金融深化的观点，标志着金融发展理论的形成。在金融发展理论的指导下，许多落后国家纷纷改革其金融体制，推行金融自由化，以促进其金融发展。然而20世纪90年代以后，全球金融危机的频繁爆发，引起了人们对金融发展理论的反思。金融发展理论的再度兴起，使金融发展的涵义不断得到丰富与发展，金融发展涵义从结构观、制度观向功能观和环境观逐步演进。     

中国城乡二元工业化反差的理论解析

在我国,以乡镇企业为核心的农村工业化和城市工业化并存,形成了"二元工业化"格局.但是城乡二元工业化有着很大反差.对此反差进行理论解释的目的在于寻找减小这种反差的路径--进行制度创新、城乡工业合理分工、推动农村工业化进程、加快城镇化建设.     

亚洲主要国家的农产品比较优势变化模式

本文运用贸易专业化指数分析了亚洲8个主要国家的农产品比较优势.分析结果表明:由于要素禀赋的差异和经济发展阶段不同而产生了要素相对价格差异,这些国家的农产品比较优势显示了不同的比较优势变化趋势;这些国家贸易特化系数估计值的差异意味着他们的农产品贸易存在互补机会;三个东亚国家和两个东盟国家的比较优势变化模式属于典型的变化模式,但是马来西亚和印度的比较优势则显示了异常的变化路径.     

论企业动态战略能力的构建

由于战略思维和战略制定与实施的线性化,传统的战略设计模式不能适应动态环境的变化,必须强调战略对外部环境和内部资源、能力的动态应变性,改变传统的线性战略思维和静态的战略设计及实施模式.仅对战略设计模式进行改进是不够的,必须在企业内构建动态战略能力.企业的动态战略能力包括动态战略思维能力、战略转变能力和战略评价能力.     

Applying efficiency measurement techniques to the measurement of productivity change

Deterministic frontier analysis (DFA), stochastic frontier analysis (SFA), and data envelopment analysis (DEA) are alternative analytical techniques designed to measure the efficiency of producers. All three techniques were originally developed within a cross-sectional context, in which the objective is to compare the efficiencies of producers. More recently all three techniques have been extended for use in a panel data context. In the latter context it is possible to measure productivity change, and to decompose measured productivity change into its sources, one of which is efficiency change. However when efficiency measurement techniques, particularly SFA, have been applied to panel data, it has infrequently been made clear what the objective of the analysis is: the measurement of efficiency, which may vary through time as well as across producers, or the measurement and decomposition of productivity change. In this paper I explore the use of each technique in a panel data context. I find DFA and DEA to have achieved a more satisfactory reorientation toward productivity measurement than SFA has.     

以制度优势凝聚脱贫攻坚的磅礴伟力

2020是脱贫攻坚的决胜收官之年,脱贫攻坚最后的攻坚战役号角已经吹响。回首2012年,习近平总书记明确指出到2020年全面建成小康社会,脱贫攻坚工作一路走来成绩颇为亮眼。丰硕成果的背后是以习近平同志为核心的党中央的正确决策、以人民为中心的执政理念以及全国上下汇聚的合力,凸显了一系列中国特色社会主义治理体系和治理能力的优势。中国一定能够如期打赢这场史无前例的脱贫攻坚战,完成这项对中华民族乃至全人类都有巨大意义的伟业。     

政府补贴、机构股东与成本粘性

以2013—2017年沪深A股上市公司为样本,采用拓展的成本粘性模型,探究“八项规定”后政府补贴、机构股东对企业成本粘性的影响,以及机构股东的调节作用,研究发现：政府补贴增强了成本粘性,机构股东能抑制成本粘性,机构股东对政府补贴与成本粘性之间的关系起负向调节作用。进一步研究发现,政府补贴对成本粘性的影响与企业产权性质无关;机构股东对成本粘性的影响以及机构股东的调节作用仅在非国有企业中存在。不同地区,政府补贴、机构股东、成本粘性之间关系不同。政府补贴对成本粘性的影响仅在地方政府官员未发生变更年份时存在;机构股东对成本粘性的影响与地方政府官员变更无关,但机构股东的调节作用仅在地方政府官员未发生变更年份存在。     

How Do Institutional Investors Affect Corporate Performance? Evidence from Private Placements in China

Using data on private placements in China from 2007 to 2014, we show that abnormal returns of issuing companies’ stocks are significantly positive on the announcement day, but they become significantly negative during the event window [?20, +20]. Participation by institutional investors has a significant and negative impact on the short-term stock returns. This negative effect is also present in issuing companies’ long-term stock returns and profitability. Furthermore, we find that participation by institutional investors reduces dividend payments after private placements. Overall, our findings do not support the monitoring hypothesis of institutional investors’ role in corporate finance but are consistent with the management entrenchment hypothesis and shareholder pessimism hypothesis.     

Relative Liquidity,Fund Flows and Short‐Term Demand: Evidence from Exchange‐Traded Funds

We show that highly liquid Exchange‐Traded Funds (ETFs), especially those that are more liquid than their underlying basket of securities (i.e., positive relative liquidity), are particularly attractive to investors. Using three definitions of liquidity, we find that relative liquidity predicts net fund flows, as well as inflows and outflows positively and significantly. We further document a liquidity clientele among institutional investors: (i) relative liquidity is significantly more important for short‐ than for long‐term investors; and (ii) relative liquidity is inversely related to investors’ average holding duration in the ETFs. These two findings provide evidence that relative liquidity encourages short‐term demand.